二, èr: is used with numbers. If you’re counting, writing the date or telling someone your address use二èr.
两, liǎng: is used to show the quantity of something. So if you want to say two people (两个人), two days (两天)or two beers (两个啤酒) use liǎng.
A good way to help with these two is don’t put a measure after 二èr.
不是 bùshì and 没有méiyǒu
不 bù and 没 méi are two near synonyms that are both used to indicate a negative sentence.
不bù is generally used to negate an action in the present or future ( Although it can be used to show a negative past action this is not it’s most common usage). For example: 我不知道选什么。
没méi on the other hand cannot be used for the future tense and is commonly used to show either the past tense or the Chinese equivalent of the present perfect. 我没吃早饭。
帮忙bāngmáng and 帮助bāngzhù
帮忙 bāng máng is used to ask for help when you know the specific time and task that you need help with. This is especially true if you are asking for help in the present time. For example, 我需要帮忙 (I need help now).
帮助 bāngzhù, is used to show that help has been offered or given in no specific cases. For example, 我们互相帮助. Let’s help each other.
讲话jiǎnghuà，说话shuōhuà，谈话tánhuà
讲话 jiǎnghuà indicates one person talking to (rather than talking with) another person or group of people. It tends to indicate a monologue rather than a dialogue. It is often used when people are talking about lectures. For example, 老师要来跟我们讲话。
谈话 tánhuà is normally used to indicate someone talking with other people. It tends to indicate a dialogue. For example, 他们两个在谈话。
说话shuōhuà in contrast to the other two can be used to show that you are talking more freely and with a less well defined purpose.
身体shēntǐ and身材shēncái
身体shēntǐ means body and it is often used to talk about health. For example 我身体不好。 This literally translates as “My body is not good” but the meaning is more similar to my health is not good.
身材shēncái means “figure.” It indicates the physical appearance of one’s body. 我身材不好, it means my figure is not good.
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